General of the late Han who rose against 曹操 at Tong Pass in 211 and later joined 刘备 in Shu. In the novel 三国演义 he is one of the Five Tiger Generals, fighting in white armour.
Ma Chao once fought a great battle against Cao Cao at Tong Pass.
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The 锦 in his nickname 锦马超 means 'brocade', for his splendid looks. In the novel he chases 曹操 so hard in the war around Tong Pass that Cao escapes only by cutting off his beard and throwing away his robe, the episode known as 割须弃袍.
