A critic in Shanghai, he published his attack on
吴晗's play in the
文汇报 on 10 November 1965, and it is taken as the opening of the Cultural Revolution. He was arrested with the rest of the
四人帮 on 6 October 1976 and sentenced in 1981 to 20 years in prison. He was released in 1996 and died in Shanghai in 2005.